Explore Japan

Each winter the Sea of Okhotsk freezes in Siberia and vast sheets of drift ice — up to 1 metre thick — flow south to Abashiri, turning the sea into a grinding white plain. The Aurora icebreaker smashes through these floes on 1-hour cruises, and on calm days visitors can step onto the ice itself. This is the southernmost naturally occurring drift ice on the planet.

Japan's most innovative zoo, which rescued itself from near-closure in the 1990s by pioneering "behaviour exhibits" — glass tunnels through penguin tanks, polar bear pools with underwater viewing, and orangutan sky-walks overhead. The winter penguin parade, when keepers walk the birds through snow for exercise, has become one of Hokkaido's most beloved daily spectacles.

Rolling farmland hills west of Biei town that resemble a giant patchwork quilt — wheat, potatoes, lavender and sunflower fields stitched together across gentle knolls. Best explored by rental bicycle in summer.

The dramatic tip of the Shakotan Peninsula — sheer volcanic rock cliffs plunging into cobalt blue "Shakotan Blue" sea. A 20–30 minute coastal walk leads to the cape where you stand surrounded on three sides by open ocean.

Japan's largest national park — bigger than Tokyo Prefecture — a volcanic plateau of jagged peaks, alpine meadows and cascading waterfalls at the geographical heart of Hokkaido. Autumn colours arrive here 6–8 weeks earlier than the rest of Japan, earning Daisetsuzan the title "first stage of autumn in Japan". The Sounkyo gorge, with its 150m basalt columns and twin waterfalls, is the most dramatic gateway into the park.

Japan's most iconic lavender farm, with stripe after stripe of purple rolling over gentle hillsides. Farm Tomita pioneered lavender cultivation in Hokkaido and still draws visitors who arrive just for the scent.

Japan's only Western-style star-shaped fort, site of the 1869 Battle of Hakodate — the last stand of the Tokugawa shogunate. Today a park, it becomes one of Japan's top cherry blossom viewing sites each spring.

One of Japan's top morning markets, open from 5:00am (May–Dec) or 6:00am (Jan–Apr) with hundreds of stalls selling live hairy crab, scallops, sea urchin and salmon roe straight from the Tsugaru Strait. Eat it raw, grilled or in a rice bowl on the spot.

Japan's largest wetland, a peat-bog wilderness of reeds, meandering rivers and oxbow lakes covering 183 km² — a primeval landscape unchanged since the ice age. The park is the last stronghold of the red-crowned crane (tancho), the rarest crane on Earth. In winter, dozens of cranes gather at feeding stations and perform elaborate courtship dances on the snow.

Sacred Ainu homeland with twin volcanic peaks reflected in jade waters. Home to the world's only living population of spherical marimo algae balls, thermal springs and a lakeside Ainu village where traditional crafts and dance are performed nightly.

One of the world's clearest lakes — a caldera filled to its brim with translucent cobalt water, ringed by sheer 200m cliffs that drop straight into the lake with no shoreline. The Ainu called it "Lake of the Devil" for the impenetrable fog that rolls in from the sea of Okhotsk and swallows it whole. No rivers enter or leave; the water is naturally filtered to near-distilled clarity.

Japan's northernmost caldera lake, famous for extraordinary water clarity — visibility up to approximately 17–20 metres. Surrounded by three volcanoes, the lake offers kayaking, scuba diving and a winter ice festival each January–February.

A perfectly circular caldera lake with a forested island at its centre. The active volcano Mt. Usu erupted as recently as 2000, and its lava domes and ash craters are now open as a geopark trail.

From the 334m summit of Mt. Hakodate, the city glitters below in one of the world's most celebrated night views — a narrow hourglass of light pinched between two bays, the dark ocean curving away on both sides. Listed alongside Naples and Hong Kong as one of the world's three great night views, the panorama is most dramatic in the blue hour just after sunset.

Asia's premier powder skiing destination — four interconnected resorts on the flanks of the active volcano Mt. Yotei receive an average of 15 metres of feather-light JAPOWder snow per season, driven by cold air crossing the Sea of Japan and wrung dry over the mountains. In summer the resorts reinvent themselves as mountain biking and hiking hubs with Yotei's perfect cone as a backdrop.

A steaming volcanic crater valley nicknamed "Hell Valley" — sulphur-yellow vents, boiling mud pools and orange mineral streams cut through a barren landscape just minutes from a renowned hot-spring resort town.

A 1.5 km green boulevard bisecting central Sapporo that transforms each February into the world-famous Snow Festival — 200-plus enormous ice and snow sculptures lit up across six blocks. In summer the park hosts flower gardens, beer gardens and outdoor concerts beneath the TV Tower.

A preserved 19th-century canal lined with stone warehouses once used by herring merchants — now converted into glass studios, sake breweries, music boxes and acclaimed sushi restaurants serving just-landed Hokkaido seafood.

A sliver of island 60 km off the northern tip of Hokkaido, closer to Sakhalin than to Sapporo — nicknamed "the floating island of flowers" for the 300 alpine plant species that bloom across its treeless plateau each June and July. Because the island has no mountains high enough to create snow-line conditions, these rare arctic-alpine flowers grow unusually low, just metres above sea level.

The birthplace of Sapporo Beer, housed in a grand red-brick factory complex built in 1890. The free museum traces the history of Japan's oldest brand through vintage posters and brewing machinery, while the cavernous Genghis Khan halls serve all-you-can-eat lamb BBQ and unlimited draft beer beneath soaring ceilings.

Japan's wildest UNESCO World Heritage wilderness — brown bears fish for salmon on river banks, Steller sea eagles soar over drift ice, and five volcanic lakes glow green in beech forest. Almost entirely roadless, it's Japan as it was before people.

A surreal milky-blue pond created by volcanic minerals leaching into a dammed stream, surrounded by silver birches and ghost-like dead trees. The colour shifts from aquamarine to deep cobalt depending on the light.

The Akita Kanto Festival, held every August, is one of the great summer festivals of Tohoku and a designated Important Intangible Folk Cultural Property of Japan. Performers balance towering bamboo poles hung with dozens of glowing paper lanterns — some poles reaching 12 metres and weighing 50 kilograms — on their foreheads, shoulders, lower backs, and even hips. The sight of thousands of lanterns swaying against the night sky is genuinely breathtaking. Each evening, the main boulevard fills with performers and spectators, and the collective skill on display has been refined over 270 years.

"Hold me and turn around" gorge — a narrow granite canyon so tight that hikers must press against the rockface to pass. The emerald river reflects maple, beech and Japanese cedar creating tunnels of colour in autumn.

Inaniwa udon, produced in the small village of Inaniwa in southern Akita, is one of Japan's three great udon styles and has been made by hand using the same technique for over 350 years. Unlike the thick, chewy udon of Kagawa, Inaniwa noodles are thin, flat, and silky smooth, with a delicate bite that feels almost refined. The noodles are hand-stretched and dried over several days without machines. Eating them in their home region — hot in a light dashi broth or chilled in summer — is a markedly different experience from packaged versions sold elsewhere in Japan.

Japan's best-preserved samurai district outside Kyushu — a long avenue of black-walled samurai residences beneath weeping cherry trees, unchanged since the Edo period. Called the "Little Kyoto of Tohoku".

Kiritanpo is Akita's most beloved regional dish — cylindrical rice cakes made by wrapping cooked rice around cedar skewers, grilling them over charcoal, then simmering in a richly flavoured chicken broth with burdock root, maitake mushrooms, and green onions. The result is a warming, deeply comforting nabe (hot pot) that has sustained people through Akita's long, cold winters for centuries. Originally a hunters' mountain food, kiritanpo nabe is now the defining dish of the prefecture and is available throughout Akita city from autumn through spring.

Kubota Castle, the seat of the Satake clan who ruled the Akita domain for over 260 years, stood at the heart of present-day Akita city from 1604. Unlike many Japanese castles, Kubota was deliberately built without stone walls or a keep, relying instead on earthen ramparts and water features — a reflection of the Satake clan's political caution during the Edo period. Today the grounds form Senshu Park, one of Akita's finest green spaces, with a reconstructed turret (Osumi-yagura) offering city views. Cherry blossoms in spring and autumn foliage make it a year-round destination for locals and visitors alike.

Japan's deepest lake at 423 metres — a cobalt-blue jewel that never freezes even in the harshest Akita winters. The legendary maiden Tatsuko, turned into a dragon to preserve her beauty forever, is said to sleep in its depths.

A ski mountain in northern Akita with the densest concentration of juhyo (frost trees) in Japan — every February the rime-coated fir trees look like thousands of white monsters emerging from the snow.